Collar or cuff



J. W. HYATT.

COLLAR OR CUFF.

(No Model.)

Patented Feb. 25, 1890.

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFI E.

JOHN W. HYATT, OF NEWARK, NEWV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE CELLULOIDMANUFACTURING COMPANY OF NEYV YORK.

COLLAR OR CUFF.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,303, dated February25, 1890.

Application filed August 6, 1339' Serial No. 319,879- (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN W. HYATT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newark, Essex county, New Jersey, have invented certain newand useful Improvementsin Cuffs with Parchmentized Surfaces, fullydescribed and represented in the following specification and theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

The object of this invention is to furnish an article of wearing-apparelof water-proof character with a parchmentized surface that is readilycleansed by the application of soap and water with a sponge. If such anarticle as a collar or cuff be made wholly of vegetable parchment, it isinsoluble in water, but is so readily penetrated by moisture that whenwashed it loses its form and dries with a very rough and wrinkledsurface. In my construction the article is formed of an inner body andan outer layer of woven vegetable fabric, which is secured to the innerbody by a water-proof cement and then superficially converted intovegetable parchment; I thus secure the cleanliness of the vegetableparchment in combination with the fine grain derived from the wovenvegetable fabric, and avoid the softening of the entire article by thewater, as the latter is prevented by the water-proof substance beneaththe outer layer from penetrating the body of the article. The surface ofthe outer layer of vegetable fabric is readily'converted into vegetableparchment by treatment with a solvent of cellulose, which solvent isonly enabled to penetrate to the layer of water-proof substance beneath,and is thus exceedingly superficial in character.

The body of the article may be made of any suitable material to giveelasticity to the article and to present an adhesive surface to thewaterproof cement. As the superficial layer is, when parchmentized,quite translucent, it is desirable to give to the body of the articlethe color that is desired upon the surface and to secure the white orslightly bluish color which is required to imitate starched linen. Ihave used for the body fibrous material, as cotton cloth saturated withwaterproof composition of oil and white earth, with a little bluepigment intermixed to give a desirable color to the product. Such a bodyis not, however, very elastic, and, as vegetable parchment possessesgraet stiffness and elasticity, I prefer to utilize the same for thecentral core of the article, which construction is shown in the annexeddrawings, in which Figure 1 is an inside View of a cuff constructed withmy improvements, and Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same with thethickness of the layers exaggerated to' show the construction. clearly,

To make a core of vegetable parchment and secure a porous surface toabsorb the waterproof cement for.attaching the facing-layer,

I form the body of two layers of coarse muslin a, joined together byconverting their adjacent surfaces into vegetable parchment. To effectthis result I apply to one side of each a solvent of cellulose, assulphuric acid, which penetrates one surface of such layer sufficientlyto partially dissolve it. By pressing such dissolved surfaces togetherthe two are united into a single layer with a parchmentized interior anda fibrous substance. I then wash the solvent from the united sheet, dryit, and saturate its outer fibrous surfaces with suitable waterproofingmaterial, as oopal, dammar, pyroxyline, or pyroxyline var nish ormixture of the same, and mix with such varnish any suitable ingredientto render the sheet white and opaque. A fine woven cloth I) is thencemented upon the outer sides of such body with any suitable water proofcement adapted to unite firmly with the water-proof surface of the bodyTo bind and cover the edges of the article, the layer of outer olothbwould be preferably formed in a single piece wrapped around the body andhaving one of its edges 0 over lapped and cemented to the other edgealong the middle line of the cuff, the ends of the body being alsocovered by folding the cloth over thereupon, as indicated by the lines61 in Fig. 1. The button-holes 6 would then be formed in the article andthe whole outer surface treated with sulphuric acid or other solvent ofcellulose to parchmentize the whole exterior of the article, by whichmeans the edges, and the interiors of the button-holes, as well as theflat surfaces of the article, are

converted into vegetable parchment, and the entire exterior is thusprotected from wear and from the absorption of dirt in the mosteffective manner.

The Water-proof cement with which the facing is attached to the bodyfills the inner pores of the facing and prevents the penetration of thesolvent to any considerable degree, and thus restricts the formation ofthe vegetable parchment to the extreme outer surface of the article.Fine cloth is used for the outer layer or facing to imitate a starchedand laundered article as closely as possible, and the vegetableparchment into which its surface is converted is so nearly transparentthat the body beneath imparts its color to the entire article, and maybe blued to any desired extent to imitate a laundered article. Assulphuric acid, used as I employ it, has very little, if any, effectupon many of the dyestuffs employed in printing calicoes and othersimilar muslin goods, I find thatsucli printed cloths may be used forthe outerportions of the article and retain their ornamentation afterthearticle is finished. The parchmentized surface resists dirt in a veryeifective manner, and may be readily cleansed by soap and water withoutthe penetration of the cleansingfluid below the surface.

I am aware that similar articles have been made wholly of parchmentizedvegetable fab ric, and therefore'disclaim such a construction, as I havestated how such an article is softened and its surface spoiled by theapplication of water, whereas my article may be cleansed Withoutproducing any perceptible effect upon its appearance.

It is notmaterial to my invention whether the external facing be wrappedover the edges of the body or not, as the final treatment with a solventof cellulose to parchmentize the surface operates in any case to smooththe edges and to bind them together. It is also immaterial whether thebody be formed of one, two, or more layers of vegetable fabric, as theessential part of the invention is the attachment of the fine wovenfacing to the body by Water-proof material and the conversion of thesuperficial layer into vegetable parchment.

Having thus set forth my invention, what I claim herein is 1. An articleof wearing-apparel, as acollar or cuff, havinga body protected by acovering of water-proof material,witha fine Woven vegetable fabriccemented thereto and externally parchm entized, substantially as hereinset forth.

2. An article of wearing-apparel, as a collar or cuff, having a bodyformed of two or more layers of vegetable fabric, with their adjacentsurfaces converted into vegetable parchment and cemented together, theirouter surface protected by a covering of water-proof material, finewoven vegetable fabric cemented thereto by water-proof cement, and theexterior of the whole superficially parchment- .ized, as and for thepurpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOHN T. IIYATT.

Witnesses:

F. C. FISCHER, Tnos. S. CRANE.

